Key Events from the Life of Mahamana Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya

Why Mahatma Gandhi Called Him ‘Devata Purusha’ : The Life and Times of Mahamana

~Where did the surname ‘Malviya’ come from? ~

Madan Mohan Malaviya’s ancestors originally came from the Malwa region of present-day Madhya Pradesh and later settled in Prayagraj. Because of their roots in Malwa, the family came to be known by the title “Malaviya,” which Madan Mohan Malaviya later adopted as his surname.

In general, people who originally belonged to the Malwa region (covering parts of present-day Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan) came to be known as “Malviya,” meaning “from Malwa.” Over time, this title gradually became a hereditary family surname.

Birth, Family Background, and Early Life of Madan Mohan Malaviya

Malviya was born in Allahabad (Prayagraj) on December 25, 1861, into a Brahmin family.
His father’s name was Brijnath Malaviya, and his mother’s name was Moona Devi. At the age of sixteen, he married Kundan Devi of Mirzapur.

Malviya came from a lineage known for deep knowledge of Hindu scriptures and strong Sanskrit scholarship. His ancestors were highly respected for their learning and wisdom.

Meaning and Significance of the Title “Mahamana”

Mahatma Gandhi performing the opening ceremony of Kamla Nehru Hospital in Allahabad in 1941. Pandit Mahan Mohan Malavaya is seated next to him, and Dr. Jivaraj Mehta is seen standing on the extreme right.

Mahamana- means a very kind and generous person. Mahatma Gandhi gave this title to Malaviya because of his good nature.

From childhood, Malviya showed the qualities of a gifted speaker. At the Kumbh Mela in Prayagraj, he often addressed people on topics related to Hinduism. This early practice helped him develop into a powerful national-level orator at a young age.

Dedication to the Nation and Sacrifice for Freedom Fighters

Malaviya dedicated his life to the nation. Although he was a famous and successful lawyer, he left his legal practice in 1911 to serve society. But when 177 freedom fighters were sentenced to death in the Chauri Chaura case, he went back to court. Through his strong arguments, he saved 156 of them from the death penalty.

The Sacred Call of Freedom: Malaviya Ji and the Spirit of the Conch

Malaviya ji introduced the tradition of blowing the conch during Congress sessions, giving the national movement a sacred and cultural touch. For him, the conch was not just a symbol—it was a call for purity, courage, and unity. At a time when India was fighting foreign rule, the sound of the conch reminded people of their spiritual strength and cultural roots. This simple act by Malaviya ji filled every Congress gathering with new energy and patriotism.

Call for a Sober Nation

Malaviya ji was one of the earliest national leaders to demand complete prohibition of alcohol in India. He believed that liquor destroyed families, weakened society, and eroded the nation’s moral strength.

‘Satyameva Jayate’ as a National Ideal

It was Malaviya who helped popularise the phrase “Satyameva Jayate”—meaning Truth alone triumphs. Taken from the Mundaka Upanishad, this powerful message later became the national motto of India. Malaviya emphasised this ideal during the 1918 Congress session, where he served as President, giving the phrase a new national importance.

Madan Mohan Malaviya: A Courageous Voice for Justice and Communal Harmony

Mahatma Gandhi (1869-1948) with Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya (1861-1946) standing near a Cow, somewhere in India

Malaviya ji fought fearlessly for Hindu rights during the Khilafat and Cow-protection movements, standing firmly for the dignity and safety of his community. At a time of rising tensions and political pressure, he spoke with courage, clarity, and deep conviction. He urged people to protect their traditions peacefully but strongly, and he defended Hindu interests without ever promoting hatred. His balanced yet bold leadership made him a respected voice for justice and harmony across the nation.

Annie Besant

Malaviya ji played a quiet yet influential role in selecting Annie Besant as the first woman President of the Indian National Congress. He deeply respected her courage, scholarship, and commitment to India’s freedom. Without seeking credit, he guided leaders to recognise her abilities at a time when women rarely held such positions. His silent support helped open a historic path, showing how Malaviya ji always worked for the nation’s progress.

Madan Mohan Malaviya: Choosing Service to the Nation Over Moksha

When Malaviya ji fell seriously ill, many urged him to enter Kashi’s sacred boundary so he could attain liberation. But he firmly refused.

He believed his duty toward India was not complete, and he wished for another birth to continue serving the nation. For him, moksha could wait, but the country’s needs could not. His decision to stay outside Kashi in his final days shows the depth of his devotion and his extraordinary spirit of selfless service.

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When (Mahamana)Madan Mohan Malaviya ji Chose the Nation Over Moksha

Living Spirit of Swadeshi

Malaviya ji never used British goods and always chose swadeshi items, even when they were costly or difficult to find. For him, swadeshi was not just a political message—it was a daily discipline and a silent protest against foreign rule.

He believed every Indian should strengthen the nation by supporting Indian products. Through his simple lifestyle and firm choices, Malaviya ji inspired thousands to adopt swadeshi and showed how true patriotism begins with small, personal sacrifices.

A Firm Stand for Unity Against Division

Malaviya ji strongly opposed the idea of separate electorates because he believed it would break the nation into pieces. At a time when British policies encouraged religious and social division, he stood firmly for unity.

He warned that separate electorates would create permanent walls between communities and weaken India’s freedom struggle. His voice was calm but powerful, reminding leaders that a divided country could never become strong. For Malaviya ji, national unity was sacred and non-negotiable.

When (Mahamana)Madan Mohan Malaviya ji Chose the Nation Over Dharma

At one point in Mahamana’s life, a situation arose where he had to choose between religion and the nation. What he did became an example. He set a gold standard on this matter, and it will always be followed by future generations.

To understand this whole matter, it is important to know some basic facts, such as: Who was Mahamana? What is meant by moksha? And why is Kashi called the city of moksha?

People who do not know much about Hinduism may not be aware of these things. So, before learning about the inspiring story from Mahamana’s life, it is important to know a few things about them.

MAHAMANA

Madan Mohan Malaviya, fondly known as “Mahamana,” was one of the most respected leaders of India’s freedom struggle.

Mahatma Gandhi gave him the title “Mahamana” in recognition of his purity, discipline, and selfless devotion to the nation.

A visionary educationist, he was the founder of Banaras Hindu University (BHU), one of India’s largest and most prestigious institutions of higher learning.

He was elected President of the Indian National Congress four times, reflecting his influential leadership and national stature. Malaviya made lasting contributions to India’s political, social, and educational development.

In honour of his lifelong service, he was posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian honour, in 2014.

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Key Events from the Life of Mahamana Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya

MOKSHA

In Indian philosophy, everything in this world is not permanent, and this is seen as the main reason for sorrow.

Life is a cycle of birth and death, and the world keeps changing. Freedom from this cycle and from ignorance is called moksha.

Moksha is the final goal of life. It means complete peace and freedom.

Kashi: The City Where Death Leads to Liberation

Today, the city of Varanasi is also known as Banaras and Kashi, but ancient Hindu texts make it clear that these three names are not the same. Each name has its own special meaning and refers to a different geographical region, carrying a unique cultural and spiritual significance.

The geographical boundaries of Kashi

On the map, the boundaries of Kashi are marked in red, and only the area within this sacred line is considered the true Kashi region.

Just below this boundary lies the crescent-shaped Banaras Hindu University, positioned at the southern end and standing as one of the city’s most iconic landmarks.

Why Mahamana Malaviya Refused to Die in Kashi — A Story of True National Service

For every Hindu, no matter where they live in the world, there is a deeply held spiritual wish—to die in Kashi.

It is believed that taking one’s last breath in this sacred city grants moksha, freedom from the cycle of rebirth. For thousands of years, this belief has made Kashi the eternal spiritual heart of Sanatan Dharma.

Yet Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya—revered freedom fighter, great educationist, and founder of Banaras Hindu University—made a decision that continues to astonish and inspire generations.

Despite living close to the southern boundary of Kashi, Mahamana Malaviya consciously chose not to die within its sacred limits.

This decision did not come from doubt or disbelief. On the contrary, Malaviya ji was a man of deep faith who respected Hindu traditions wholeheartedly. His choice was born out of something even greater—his unmatched devotion to the nation.

He believed that serving India was a higher calling than seeking personal salvation. For him, the motherland came before tradition, before comfort, and even before liberation itself.

He is believed to have said that he did not desire moksha; instead, he wished to be reborn so that he could continue serving his country.

To honor this resolve, Malaviya ji spent his final days at a lodge within the Banaras Hindu University campus—situated just outside the traditional sacred boundary of Kashi.

By passing away there, he knowingly gave up the promise of instant liberation, expressing his desire to return and serve India once again.

Mahamana Malaviya’s choice stands as a timeless lesson in selflessness. It teaches us that true devotion lies not only in spiritual belief, but in tireless service to the nation—and that for a true patriot, duty to the country is the highest form of worship.

Amazing Facts About the Banaras Hindu University (B.H.U)

Banaras Hindu University is not just an academic institution, but a living symbol of India’s cultural heritage, shaped by centuries of Hindu civilization, the vision of Madan Mohan Malaviya and Annie Besant, and the faith and sacrifice of millions.

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The Birth of a Temple of Learning

Mahamana delivering his speech during the laying of the foundation stone of BHU

Malviya ji, along with the scouts of the Hindu Boys School, on the University Foundation Day.

A Sacred Day for a Sacred Mission

Banaras Hindu University (BHU) was founded on 4 February 1916, on the auspicious day of Basant Panchami, by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya with the support of Dr. Annie Besant.

According to Hindu tradition, Basant Panchami (Saraswati Puja) is a sacred day dedicated to Goddess Saraswati, the goddess of knowledge, making it a significant occasion to establish a great centre of learning like BHU.

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From Saraswati River to Saraswati Puja: Tracing an Ancient Legacy

BHOOMI PUJA

In Hindu culture, before the construction of any building, the land is first worshipped through a ceremony called Bhoomi Puja (land worship).

The site where the Bhoomi Puja for Banaras Hindu University was originally held was later flooded and submerged. Because of this, the university buildings were eventually built a little farther from the original site.

Today, a BHU-affiliated trauma center stands near that historic location, quietly reminding us of the university’s sacred beginnings.

AMMA (MATA, Mother Annie Besant)

Mrs. Annie Besant, often affectionately called ‘Vasanti,’ was renowned for her eloquence and held a deep devotion to Hindu culture and religion, despite being a foreigner.

Driven by this maternal love for the education of Hindu children, she established the Central Hindu College (Hindu Vidyalaya) in Samvat 1955 (1898 A.D.). This institution quickly grew into a prominent center for education in Varanasi.

Besant considered this school her ‘son.’ In 1914, to fulfill a greater educational vision, she dedicated this cherished institution to the illustrious scholar and visionary leader of India, Mahamana Madan Mohan Malaviya ji.

Malaviya ji used this Central Hindu College as the bedrock to establish Banaras Hindu University (BHU), a university that is now globally recognized. This act of dedication proved to be a pivotal moment for the future of higher education in India.

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DALMIA BHAVAN : A Timeless Journey Through History.

SIR GANGA RAM

Sir Ganga Ram

Sir Ganga Ram was a visionary engineer, philanthropist, and one of the greatest civil administrators of his time. Born in 1851 in Punjab, he transformed cities with his brilliant public works, irrigation projects, and modern planning ideas.

His engineering skills helped build canals, hospitals, schools, and civic institutions that improved the lives of countless people. Known as the “Father of Modern Lahore,” he dedicated his wealth to social welfare and the upliftment of the poor.

Sir Ganga Ram’s legacy is reflected in the institutions that still bear his name, symbolizing service, compassion, and a lifelong commitment to nation-building.

The Maharaja of Kashi (Kashi Naresh, second from right),

To his left is Sir Sunder Lal (with Malaviya Ji standing behind him), and to the right of the Maharaja is Sir Ganga Ram.

Rai Ganga Ram Bahadur served as the Honorary Chief Engineer of Banaras Hindu University (BHU) and played a crucial role in shaping its early infrastructure.

He supervised the entire construction process and ensured that every building reflected the cultural and educational vision of Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya.

The Semi-Circular Wonder: Exploring the Unique Campus of BHU

Banaras Hindu University is uniquely built in a crescent shape, a design deeply inspired by the sacred geography of Varanasi.

The ancient city, situated along the sweeping curve of the Ganga, forms a natural crescent that has shaped its identity for thousands of years. Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya wanted the university to reflect not just the spirit of learning, but also the soul of Kashi itself.

The crescent layout was therefore chosen deliberately—not merely as an architectural idea, but as a symbol of BHU’s connection to the cultural and spiritual heritage of Varanasi. Just as the Ganga embraces the city in a gentle arc, the university’s structure embraces knowledge, tradition, and modernity.

This thoughtful design makes BHU more than a campus; it becomes a living extension of Varanasi’s natural form and timeless character.

Every student who walks its paths unknowingly experiences the rhythm and shape of the ancient city it represents.

The Special Story Inside Every Brick of BHU

This is a symbolic image, representing how “का. हि. वि..” (KASHI HINDU VISHVA VIDYLAY) BHU was traditionally stamped on bricks used during the early construction of Banaras Hindu University.

It visually conveys the idea that the identity of Banaras Hindu University is literally built into its foundation — something that cannot be erased or removed.

सर्व विद्या की राजधानी

Capital of all knowledge

Varanasi has been celebrated as a city of knowledge since ancient times.

It was here that Lord Buddha delivered his first sermon, and for centuries, the city has been a center of learning, wisdom, and spiritual awakening.

Malaviya Ji wanted to revive this glorious tradition. He dreamed of restoring Varanasi to its rightful place as the capital of all knowledge in India. With this vision in his heart, he worked tirelessly — and the result was the creation of Banaras Hindu University, a modern seat of learning rooted in the ancient heritage of Kashi.

The Lioness of India: A Foreigner’s Fierce Battle to Save Sanatan Dharma

An English woman who gave up comfort, identity, and privilege for the upliftment of Hinduism. She fearlessly exposed missionary agendas and stood like a wall against forced conversions. Her life is a reminder that truth needs courage—and courage can change history.

India was not ruled for its benefit, but rather for the benefit of its conquerors.

Annie Besant was an Englishwoman who fought like a lioness for Hindu civilization at a time when centuries of foreign rule had deeply wounded Hindu confidence.

Continuous invasions and colonial domination had crushed the morale of Hindu society so severely that even great thinkers felt despair.

Swami Vivekananda, one of the strongest voices of the Hindu renaissance, once remarked with anguish that perhaps a foreigner might rise to fight for Hindu religion and society, but Hindus themselves seemed unable to do so.

Whether Vivekananda spoke these words out of frustration or foresight remains unknown. What is certain is that many of his foreign disciples—men and women alike—devoted their lives to the upliftment of Hindu society. Among them, Annie Besant stands tallest.

The intensity with which Annie Besant defended Hinduism against aggressive Christian missionary activity was unmatched. Mahatma Gandhi himself acknowledged her role in shaping his understanding of Hinduism.

When Gandhi was in England and almost fell prey to missionary narratives portraying Hinduism as inferior, Annie Besant—then deeply involved with the Theosophical Society—opened his eyes to the true depth, philosophy, and moral strength of Hindu thought.

Soon, Annie Besant made a life-changing decision. She came to India—not as a visitor, but as a worker—and chose Varanasi, the holiest city of the Hindus, as her home.

On his first visit to Varanasi, Mahatma Gandhi came to Goswami Bari to meet Annie Besant.

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi’s First Visit to Kashi – A Journey Before the Legend

DALMIA BHAVAN : A Timeless Journey Through History.

This was no coincidence. At that time, Varanasi was under intense missionary pressure, with full backing from the British government. Establishing herself there was a direct challenge to both missionary dominance and colonial arrogance.

The renowned American writer Mark Twain, who visited Varanasi during this period, wrote sharply against the efforts of Christian missionaries to convert the city’s residents. Annie Besant, witnessing this assault firsthand, set two clear goals for herself.

First, she decided to awaken Hindus socially and economically. Already a powerful writer, she sharpened her pen further and produced an astonishing volume of work in defense of Hindu philosophy and culture.

Within a few years, she authored nearly 220 books, along with countless pamphlets and articles, all aimed at restoring Hindu self-respect and confidence.

Second, she recognized a major weakness in Hindu education. Traditional Sanskrit schools existed, but they were limited mainly to religious instruction.

Meanwhile, British and missionary schools offered modern education that led to government jobs in railways, post offices, and administration. These schools subtly promoted an anti-Hindu worldview, with the Bible as a compulsory subject and Hinduism being portrayed as backward and full of superstitions.

Understanding this danger, Annie Besant founded the Hindu College, followed soon by a Hindu College for women.

These institutions were revolutionary. Rooted firmly in Hindu culture, they also taught modern subjects and English, enabling students to compete for modern careers without abandoning their civilizational identity.

Her efforts bore remarkable fruit. These institutions later produced leaders who played important roles in India’s freedom struggle.

In a historic gesture of unity, Annie Besant eventually handed over the institutions she had built with such dedication to the Hindu University, ensuring consolidated Hindu educational strength.

Annie Besant and Mahatma Gandhi participated together in a public event held in Madras.

Though she later had political disagreements with Gandhi, her stature never diminished. The people lovingly called her “Amma” (Mother)—a title earned through sacrifice, not birth.

India remains forever indebted to this foreign disciple of Swami Vivekananda. Annie Besant’s life proves that civilizational loyalty is defined not by birthplace, but by commitment. Her ideas, courage, and work for Hindu culture continue to remain relevant even today.

Famous Books Written by Annie Besant

On Hinduism, Religion, and Philosophy

Sanatana Dharma – One of her most important works explaining Hindu philosophy for students.

An Introduction to Yoga – A simple explanation of yogic philosophy and practice.

The Bhagavad Gita (Commentary) – Her interpretation of the Gita’s spiritual teachings.

Hindu Ideals – Explains the moral and spiritual ideals of Hindu civilization.

The Laws of Manu (Translation and commentary)

Esoteric Christianity – A comparative study linking Christian and Hindu ideas.

Karma – A concise explanation of the law of action and result.

Dharma – Discusses duty and righteous living from an Indian perspective.

On Education and Indian Society

Education as a Science – Focuses on value-based education.

The Future of Indian Education – Advocates Indian-centered learning systems.

Wake Up, India – A call for national awakening.

India: A Nation – Argues for India’s cultural and national unity.

On Politics and Nationalism

How India Wrought Her Freedom – Co-authored, detailing India’s freedom struggle.

The Case for India – A strong defense of Indian self-rule.

New India – Collection of political writings and speeches.

The Story of the Great Teacher

Four Great Religions

An Autobiography – Her life story and ideological journey.

This stands as proof of the courage and deep dedication of a brave English woman who devoted her life to Hindu dharma and Bharatvarsha.

Although born abroad, her heart belonged to India. Her commitment, struggle, and service remain a lasting inspiration and a powerful reminder of true civilizational loyalty.

Why Our Schools Must Teach Swami Vivekananda

Swami Vivekananda was much more than a saffron-clad monk; he was a revolutionary thinker, a brilliant philosopher, and a passionate advocate for India’s spiritual heritage.

It is strange—and, honestly, disappointing—that from Class 1 to Class 12, most Indian school textbooks barely mention Swami Vivekananda, one of India’s greatest spiritual leaders and thinkers.

His birth anniversary, January 12, is celebrated every year as National Youth Day, yet the very youth in whose name the day exists are rarely taught about his life, struggles, and ideas in a meaningful way.

In an age where students face stress, confusion, fear of failure, and lack of direction, Swami Vivekananda’s teachings feel not outdated, but urgently necessary.

Education, According to Swami Vivekananda

For Swami Vivekananda, education was never about memorising facts or scoring marks. He believed that real education builds strength, character, and self-confidence.

Education, in his words, should help a person stand on their own feet—mentally, morally, and spiritually.

He believed that every human being already carries greatness within. The role of education is simply to awaken it. This idea is especially relevant today, when many students struggle with self-doubt, comparison, and fear of judgment.

Strength Over Weakness

One of Swami Vivekananda’s most powerful messages was simple and direct:
“Strength is life, weakness is death.”

He did not mean physical strength alone. He spoke about mental courage, moral clarity, and spiritual confidence.

He wanted people—especially young people—to stop seeing themselves as weak or helpless. According to him, self-belief is the foundation of all success.

If students were taught this idea early in life, it could change how they face exams, careers, failures, and life itself.

Service as the Highest Religion

Swami Vivekananda strongly believed that serving others is the highest form of worship. Feeding the hungry, helping the poor, and standing by the weak mattered more to him than rituals or words.

For him, spirituality was not about escaping the world but about engaging with it responsibly. This message is important today, when success is often measured only in money or status. He reminded us that true greatness lies in compassion and service.

Faith in Youth

“Give me one hundred ‘believing’ young men… I will transform India as the number one nation in the entire world…”

Swami Vivekananda placed immense trust in young people. He saw them as the true builders of the nation. He wanted the youth to be fearless, disciplined, and driven by a sense of purpose.

He believed that if young minds were strong and confident, India would naturally rise. Even today, his faith in youth feels refreshing and empowering, especially when young people are often criticised rather than guided.

Harmony, Not Division

At a time when religious conflict dominates global conversations, Swami Vivekananda’s message of religious harmony feels deeply relevant. He believed that all religions are different paths leading to the same truth.

Rather than promoting superiority or division, he promoted understanding and respect. His historic speech at the Parliament of Religions showed the world India’s spiritual maturity—something our textbooks barely explain.

Why His Teachings Matter Today

More than 100 years later, Swami Vivekananda’s ideas still speak directly to our problems:

For students, his teachings encourage confidence, discipline, and resilience.

For India, his vision of self-reliance connects strongly with today’s idea of Atmanirbhar Bharat.

For the world, his emphasis on harmony and universal brotherhood is crucial.

For daily life, his guidance on meditation, balance, and mental strength helps deal with stress and anxiety.

A Short Life, An Eternal Impact

Swami Vivekananda passed away at the age of just 39, yet his impact has lasted for generations. Through the Ramakrishna Mission, his ideas continue to serve society through schools, hospitals, and relief work.

He successfully bridged India’s ancient wisdom with the needs of the modern world—something very few leaders have accomplished.

Final Thoughts

Swami Vivekananda was not just a monk. He was a thinker, a reformer, and a guide for humanity. His famous words—

“Arise, awake, and stop not till the goal is reached”—
are not just motivational quotes; they are a way of life.

For students, professionals, and anyone seeking direction, his teachings serve as a quiet yet powerful guide. He showed us that greatness is not found in wealth or power, but in character, courage, and compassion.

If our schools truly want to shape strong and responsible citizens, teaching Swami Vivekananda is not optional—it is essential.

Dive deeper into the inspiring journey and philosophy of Swami Vivekananda through my detailed articles.

(I)

20 important facts related to the life of Swami Vivekananda.

(II)

In the Light of Kashi(Varanasi): Swami Vivekananda’s Holy Path from Brijeshwar Mahadev to Gopal Lal Villa

(III)

Living for Others: The True Sanyasi in Swami Vivekananda’s Words

(IV)

When Swami Vivekananda (Swami Vive Kanonda) Became a Star in America!

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi’s First Visit to Kashi – A Journey Before the Legend

Gandhi’s first visit to Kashi, the holiest city of Hindus, was a turning point in his life.

It revealed many truths and showed how deeply the city’s influence is etched into the hearts and minds of Hindus.

Gandhi’s first visit to Varanasi took place in 1902. He came by train and got off at the Kashi Railway Station located near Rajghat — a quiet corner by the sacred river Ganga.

Many people often wonder why Gandhi referred to the city as “Kashi” instead of Banaras or Varanasi.

The reason lies in the city’s ancient roots — for centuries, “Kashi” has been the traditional and spiritual name of its holiest area, symbolizing light, knowledge, and divine energy.

At the time of Gandhi’s visit, there were three major railway stations in the city:

Kashi Railway Station – at Rajghat

Banaras Cantt – now known as Varanasi Junction

Banaras City – now Varanasi City Station

Gandhi arrived at Kashi Station, and this, along with the city’s timeless spiritual aura, is perhaps why he preferred to call it Kashi in his writings.

Today, Varanasi has grown with many more railway stations and bridges, but the sacred charm of Kashi — the city of light — remains the same.

Long before the world knew him as the Mahatma or honored him as the Father of the Nation, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was just a young barrister, standing at the threshold of his life’s journey.

He visited Varanasi (Kashi) for the first time — not as a political leader, but as a humble pilgrim and an eager seeker of truth. During that visit, there was no sign of the great transformation that lay ahead.

The people around him, and perhaps even Gandhi himself, could not have imagined that this young man would one day awaken the conscience of a nation and lead India toward freedom through truth and non-violence.

And if you are ever planning a visit, consider going through the blog post below of mine: —

Varanasi Railway Stations Guide: Which One to Choose for a Smooth Start to Your Trip

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi in 1902 — This rare photograph helps us envision his appearance during his visit to Kashi the same year, offering a window into the early years of his journey.

Why Gandhi Came to Varanasi in 1902

He came for two main reasons that would shape his thoughts in years to come.

First, he wanted to experience the spiritual heart of India — to take a holy dip in the Ganga and visit the Kashi Vishwanath Temple, the center of Hindu faith and devotion. This was his way of connecting with the traditions and soul of his country.

Second, Gandhi came to meet Annie Besant, a woman he deeply admired.

Besant was a renowned social reformer, educationist who played a major role in awakening India’s national consciousness.

Gandhi’s meeting with her was not just an exchange of ideas — it was an encounter between two great minds who would later shape India’s destiny in different ways.

Together, these two experiences — faith and inspiration — left a quiet but lasting mark on Gandhi’s early journey.

The desire to take a holy dip in the uninterrupted flow of the Ganga in Kashi always remains in the mind of every Hindu. The tradition of visiting the Shiva temple after taking a dip in the holy waters on the banks of the Ganga has been going on for thousands of years.

How Kashi and Harishchandra Shaped Gandhi’s Young Mind

Kashi (Varanasi) had a special place in Gandhi’s heart long before he ever set foot there.

As a child, he had heard stories of the city’s holiness — its temples, saints, and the sacred River Ganga that washes away all sins. These stories filled his young mind with awe and respect for India’s spiritual heritage.

When Gandhi finally visited Kashi in 1902, it was like stepping into the living heart of those childhood memories. He saw with his own eyes the devotion of the people, the constant sound of temple bells, and the faith that shaped India’s soul.

Kashi is also home to the famous Harishchandra Ghat, one of the city’s oldest cremation grounds. According to legend, this is the very place where King Harishchandra—the ancestor of Lord Shri Ram—once demanded a cremation tax from his own wife for the funeral of their only son.

The story tells that King Harishchandra of Ayodhya lost his kingdom while keeping a vow of truth. Stripped of power and wealth, he worked at a cremation ground, bound by duty to collect the fee for every funeral.

When his wife came carrying the body of their son, Rohitashva, seeking permission for the last rites, Harishchandra faced the most painful test of his life. Torn between his role as a grieving father and his duty, he chose truth and honesty over his own heart’s sorrow.

This act became a timeless symbol of integrity, sacrifice, and moral strength.

This tale of truth and sacrifice left a deep mark on young Gandhi. As he wrote later in The Story of My Experiments with Truth:

“A drama company had come during these days, and I was allowed to see its play. It was the story of Harishchandra. I could not stop watching that play… I would have dreams of Harishchandra. ‘Why aren’t all truthful like Harishchandra?’ This thought would remain with me… Seeing Harishchandra’s sorrow, remembering him, I have cried a lot.”

Even as an adult, Gandhi confessed, “If I read that play today, tears will flow from my eyes.”

The holy air of Kashi, the legend of King Harishchandra’s truthfulness, and the sacred Ghat that bears his name together nurtured Gandhi’s inner world — awakening in him a lifelong devotion to truth, simplicity, and moral courage.

India’s famous painter Raja Ravi Varma beautifully captured this deeply emotional moment in one of his masterpieces, immortalizing the king’s unwavering commitment to truth and dharma.

Undoubtedly, such tales from Kashi’s cultural and spiritual heritage deeply influenced Gandhi’s lifelong devotion to truth (Satya) and non-violence (Ahimsa)

Annie Besant

Annie Besant: A Brave Reformer and Friend of India

Annie Besant was a great freedom fighter, social reformer, and a strong voice for Hinduism during the British colonial period. She was originally from England, but she chose India as her home and worked hard to protect Indian culture and traditions.

She became a leading figure in the movement to defend Hinduism from the influence of Christian missionaries and foreign rulers.

Annie Besant also worked to promote education, women’s rights, and national awareness among Indians.

Her dedication and courage made her one of the most respected leaders of her time, and her efforts inspired many people to love and protect their Indian heritage and culture.

Why Gandhi Admired Annie Besant

When Gandhi went to England to study, he saw many Christian missionaries trying to convert Indians, especially Hindus, to Christianity.

Annie Besant’s speeches and writings inspired him. She taught people to be proud of their own culture and beliefs. Her courage and clarity gave Gandhi the confidence to stand firm in his faith.

For Gandhi, Annie Besant was like an ideological shield—someone who protected Hindu values with wisdom and bravery. He respected her as deeply as one would respect a saint or a goddess.

Why Gandhi Admired Her

When Gandhi went to England to study law, he saw many Christian missionaries trying to convert Indians—especially Hindus—to Christianity.

Annie Besant’s speeches and writings gave him the confidence to stand firm in his beliefs.

She became, for Gandhi, an ideological shield—someone who defended Hindu values with courage and clarity. Gandhi respected her as deeply as one would appreciate a saint or a Goddess.

Where Did Gandhi Meet Annie Besant?

When Gandhi came to Varanasi (Kashi), Annie Besant was living in a garden house near her school. Back then, it was called Goswami Villa.

Today, this building is known as Dalmia Bhavan and is owned by Mr. Kunal Dalmia.

Interestingly, Gandhi later stayed in the same building. Even today, locals share stories about Gandhi and Annie Besant from that time, keeping history alive for visitors.

For more information, please visit:-

DALMIA BHAVAN : A Timeless Journey Through History.

By the time Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi visited Kashi (Varanasi) in 1902, he had already started taking an interest in Indian politics.

His earlier meeting with Annie Besant in England had left a strong impression on him. Annie Besant was not only a political leader but also a strong supporter of Hindu culture and opposed Christian missionary efforts in India.

Gandhi’s visit to her in Kashi was not just a casual meeting. It was like a darshan, a respectful and almost devotional audience with someone he deeply admired.

This meeting, along with his spiritual pilgrimage to Kashi, became an important moment in Gandhi’s life. It blended his early political awakening with his love for Indian culture and religion.

Swastika Truth and Propaganda .

Canadian Prime Minister Trudeau has once again spread false statements about India, fueling hatred. While this may help his political career, it harms relations between India and Canada.

This time, Trudeau wrongly called the Swastika—a sacred Hindu symbol—a Nazi symbol. For years, people have tried to defame Hindus by linking the Swastika with Nazis, but today the situation is different.

India is a rising global power; no world leader supported Trudeau’s claims. Social media makes it harder to spread fake news and mislead people.

So, what does the Swastika mean? Does it have any link to the Nazis? Why is this symbol dragged into anti-India protests? And who benefits from defaming a Hindu symbol?

The meaning of the swastika symbol

The swastika is a symbol in Hinduism that usually represents the start of something auspicious.

Swastika: A Timeless Symbol Rooted in the Ancient Indus Valley Civilization

Many clay seals of this type have also been discovered in the Indus Valley and nearby areas.

Recent archaeological findings suggest that the Indus Valley Civilization began around 8,000 years ago, and is India’s oldest civilization.

Here too, seals with the Swastika symbol have been found.

India’s Mission: Defending Hindu Symbols Against Misinformation.

Swastikas have been found carved in caves in Ukraine, made by ancient humans.

It is believed that people from the Indus Valley Civilization traded with other countries, spreading the sacred Swastika symbol across the world.

The Swastika was also widely used by the Celts, a Caucasian civilization from around 1200 BC. Remains of this symbol can be found worldwide, among Native Americans, Africans, Europeans, and Asians.

The Swastika is also carved at the site where Buddha gave his first sermon about 2600 years ago, spreading a message of non-violence and compassion.

This shows that the Nazi Party and Hitler had no connection to the sacred Hindu symbol, Swastika.

This raises an important question: how should we respond to those who hate Hinduism and misuse the Swastika symbol?

Today, as India’s influence grows globally, Hindus cannot be ignored. However, India must also educate the world about the true meaning of the Swastika, a symbol of peace, coexistence, and humanity—not hatred or the Holocaust.

Defaming a symbol tied to thousands of years of human progress because of one dictator is unreasonable. Hinduism, which has always promoted peace and kindness, cannot be undermined by political propaganda.

The Indian government, especially the Foreign Ministry, should launch a strong campaign to inform the world about the Swastika’s true meaning.

As people learn the truth and understand the lies spread about Hinduism, they will see it as a religion of compassion and public welfare. The tradition of “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam”—the world is one family—has no place for hatred.

Swastika’s Dual Identity: Peace in the East, Pain in the West.

About 2600 years ago, Buddha, who guided the world away from violence and towards non-violence, delivered his first sermon at Sarnath in Varanasi.

This first sermon is called Dharma Chakra Parivartan (Turning of the Wheel of Dharma).

Later, at the exact spot where Buddha gave this historic sermon, a solid cylindrical structure was built. This structure is known as the Dhamma Chakra Stupa and stands as a symbol of his teachings.

DHAMEKH STUPA OR DHAMMA CHAKRA STUPA

The place where Buddha gave his first sermon. Later, in memory of this incident, a stupa was built at this place by Emperor Ashoka.
Since then this stupa has been renovated many times.

This building features various geometric shapes, flowers, vines, and human faces, However, the design that caught my attention the most is the Swastika.

The Swastika: A Powerful Symbol That Captured My Attention

The Swastika is indeed one of the most ancient symbols in Hinduism, with deep spiritual and cultural significance.

If we focus on the period after Buddha, the Swastika itself serves as a powerful symbol of peace and non-violence.

The presence of Swastika symbols at significant Buddhist sites reinforces this connection, especially considering that Buddha, who preached the message of peace and non-violence, is one of the most influential figures in human history in this regard.

No one has embodied the principles of peace and non-violence more than Buddha, whose teachings continue to inspire millions around the world. The Swastika, in this context, is closely tied to these ideals and represents harmony, good fortune, and well-being.

How did the symbol associated with Buddha become linked to one of the most violent incidents in world history?

Swastika: Hindu and Buddhist Symbol

The Swastika is a very ancient symbol, deeply rooted in Hindu and Buddhist traditions, symbolizing peace, prosperity, well-being, and good fortune. It has been used for over 8,000 years in India, long before the Nazis misappropriated it. In the context of Buddhism, it is a symbol of non-violence and the Dharma (moral law).

Nazi Symbolism vs. Hindu and Buddhist Meaning

While there is a superficial visual resemblance between the Nazi swastika and the traditional Swastika, the meanings are completely different.

The Nazi Swastika, associated with Hitler’s ideology, was used to propagate hatred, violence, and the Holocaust. In contrast, the Hindu/Buddhist Swastika is linked to the welfare of humanity and the spiritual journey. The Swastika represents life, harmony, and the cycles of existence, not destruction.

Media’s Role in Perpetuating Misconceptions

Mainstream media has played a significant role in misrepresenting the symbol due to sensationalism.

Media outlets often prefer exciting, dramatic stories that draw on fear and controversy, which is why they avoid promoting Buddha’s peaceful message.

The message of non-violence and human welfare associated with Buddha may not generate the same level of attention or excitement as the sensational narratives tied to Nazi history.

The Root Cause of Misconception

The misconception is largely fueled by neo-Marxists, who often attempt to create false narratives and equate the Hindu Swastika with the Nazi Swastika.

These narratives are propagated in academic circles and media, where historical facts and context are often overlooked. Swastika has been a part of Indian culture for millennia, long before Nazi Germany.

Jewish Perspective

While it’s understandable that the Jewish community may associate the swastika with Nazi ideology, the key is that the symbol itself has a long, peaceful history. The fact that this symbol is used by Hindus and Buddhists for thousands of years, and that the Jewish community does not raise consistent objections to its use in India or Israel, suggests that this issue is more about misunderstanding and historical context than anything inherent in the symbol itself.

The Need for Education and Awareness

A crucial solution: providing detailed historical context and correct information in school curricula and public platforms. Social media and academic debates are vital in spreading awareness, helping people understand that the Swastika in its original context is a symbol of peace and spirituality, not hatred or violence.

By fostering global awareness and correcting misconceptions, we can ensure that the Swastika is no longer wrongly associated with hate and is instead recognized for its rich, positive cultural significance.

Central Hindu School, Varanasi: 125 Years of Service and Excellence

In India today, many government schools are struggling. Their quality has gone down, and children often do not get the education they deserve.

On the other hand, private schools charge very high fees. This becomes a heavy burden for middle-class families.

But in Varanasi, there is one school that shines like a star. This school is Central Hindu School (CHS). It is special because its fees are low, like government schools, but its teaching and learning are of very high quality, just like the best private schools.

For 125 years, CHS has been giving children the gift of education. It has helped not only students of Varanasi, but also children from Eastern Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and Madhya Pradesh.

This year, CHS celebrates its 125th foundation day, and it is the right time to remember its wonderful history and achievements.

Central Hindu Boys School is located at Kamachha, Bhelupur, Varanasi. Today, it is affiliated with the famous Banaras Hindu University (BHU). The school is very large and has thousands of students. Its campus is full of life, discipline, and learning.

The Foundation of CHS

The story of CHS starts in 1898. At that time, India was under British rule. Education was controlled by the British, and most schools only taught English ways of thinking. Indian culture, traditions, and values were ignored.

At this time, a great lady named Annie Besant decided to do something different.

She founded Central Hindu School in 1898. Her idea was simple but powerful: a school that would give modern education and, at the same time, keep alive India’s Hindu culture and values.

In the beginning, the school was set up at Saptsagar. Later, it shifted to Nandan Sahu. Finally, it moved to Kamachha on land given by the King of Banaras. Since then, CHS has grown into one of the most respected schools in India.

Who Was Annie Besant?

Annie Besant was not Indian by birth. She came from England. But she loved India deeply and worked for its progress.

She believed that India should get freedom, and Indians should be proud of their culture.

Annie Besant had a great vision for education. She wanted a school where children would learn not only maths, science, and history but also values, discipline, and spirituality. She wanted students to become good human beings, along with being good students.

Annie Besant’s Vision for Girls

At that time, very few girls went to school in India. But Annie Besant believed that girls must also study.

She started the Hindu Balika Vidyalaya, which later became the Central Hindu Girls School. She said that women must become educated mothers, wise homemakers, and even teachers. This idea was very modern and ahead of her time.

Annie Besant also helped bring the Ranvir Sanskrit School, started by the King of Kashmir, into CHS. This made the school even richer in knowledge, as children also learned Sanskrit and Indian scriptures.

CHS: A Hub of Freedom Movement

Annie Besant was not only an educationist; she was also a freedom fighter. She worked hard for India’s independence. She even became the first woman President of the Indian National Congress.

Under her guidance, CHS became a center of nationalistic activities. Meetings, discussions, and committees for India’s freedom were often held here.

Even Mahatma Gandhi visited CHS. His secretary, Mahadev Desai, wrote in his book Day to Day with Gandhi that Gandhi asked the teachers and students of CHS to take part in the freedom struggle.

Because of this, CHS was often called the “Mecca of Swarajis” — the holy place for freedom-loving people.

CHS later became a part of Banaras Hindu University (BHU). BHU was started by Mahamana Madan Mohan Malaviya, who was a close friend of Annie Besant.

Even today, CHS is under BHU’s care. This gives the school great strength, because BHU is one of the best universities in India. Students of CHS also get the benefit of BHU’s rich academic and cultural environment.

125 Years of Excellence

For 125 years, CHS has been known for:

High Quality of Teaching – The teachers are well-trained and dedicated. They not only teach subjects but also values and discipline.

Low Fees – The fees are low, like government schools, so even middle-class and poor families can afford them.

Great Results – Students from CHS do very well in entrance exams and often get admission to top universities and colleges.

All-Round Development – Along with studies, CHS also focuses on sports, arts, and cultural activities.

This mix of affordability and quality makes CHS truly unique.

Varanasi: The City of Learning

Varanasi is not only the spiritual capital of India, but it is also called the capital of learning. For centuries, scholars, saints, and teachers have lived here. Central Hindu School has added greatly to this reputation.

Students from CHS carry the city’s name with pride. Wherever they go, they shine in studies, jobs, and public service. This makes Varanasi proud and strengthens India as a nation.

Lessons From CHS History

Education Must Balance Tradition and Modernity
CHS shows that children can learn modern subjects like science and maths without losing their culture and values.

Education for All
Annie Besant’s focus on both boys and girls was revolutionary. Today, both Central Hindu Boys School and Central Hindu Girls School stand as proof of her vision.

Schools Can Shape a Nation
By becoming a hub of the freedom struggle, CHS showed that schools can do much more than just teach lessons. They can inspire children to serve the nation.

A Symbol of Service and Dedication

Central Hindu School is not just a school. It is a symbol of:

Vision (of Annie Besant)

Service (to society by keeping fees low)

Dedication (to values, culture, and nation-building)

As it celebrates its 125th foundation day, CHS reminds us that real education is not just about exams and marks. It is about making children wise, disciplined, and responsible citizens.

For 125 years, Central Hindu School, Varanasi, has been a temple of learning. Started by Annie Besant, it has grown into one of the most respected schools in India. It gave India brave freedom fighters, wise leaders, and thousands of successful students.

At a time when many schools are either too costly or poor in quality, CHS continues to be a shining example. It is a school with low fees but high values.

As CHS steps into the future, its history inspires us. It shows how a school, rooted in culture and service, can shape generations and build a nation. Truly, CHS is not only an educational institution but a heritage of India’s soul.

The story of a soldier who led India to victory and inspired millions

Sam Bahadur: The Man, the Legend, the Field Marshal

For children born in recent years, the name Sam Bahadur may not be very familiar. But there was a time when every Indian knew and respected this brave soldier.

He was not only a leader of the Indian Army but also a national hero who inspired millions. His courage, his honesty, and his sense of humour made him special.

A Man of Many Names

His full name was Sam Hormusji Framji Jamshedji Manekshaw, which was very long. That is why people mostly called him Sam. But the name that stayed with him forever was Sam Bahadur, which means “Brave Sam.” This name was given to him by the famous Gurkha soldiers as a mark of love and respect.

Sam used to joke about his very long name. In one interview, he said, “My full name is so long that by the time I finish saying it, the interview will also end!”

But among all his names, Sam Bahadur was the one he loved the most. The Gurkhas, known for their unmatched bravery, gave him this name. It showed their love for him and their trust in his leadership. Sam always said, “If a man says he is not afraid of dying, he is either lying or he is a Gurkha.”

Childhood and Early Dreams

Sam was born on April 3, 1914, in Amritsar, Punjab. He came from a Parsi (Zoroastrian) family. As a boy, he was always full of energy and wanted to do something brave in life.

His Life and Career

Sam joined the Indian Army in 1934. From then on, he served the nation for decades and became one of its greatest leaders.

1947: When Pakistan attacked Kashmir soon after independence, Sam played an important role in defending it.

1962: He led Indian forces in the North-East during the war with China.

1971: As the Chief of Army Staff, he led India to a historic victory in the Indo-Pak war.

1973: He became India’s first Field Marshal, the highest rank in the Army.

He passed away on June 27, 2008, but his name lives forever.

The 1971 War – A Historic Victory

The most important chapter of Sam Bahadur’s life was the 1971 war between India and Pakistan.

Pakistan had been troubling its own people in East Pakistan (today’s Bangladesh). Millions of refugees had crossed into India. War became unavoidable.

When the war began, Sam led the Indian Army with courage and careful planning. Within just 13 days, India won a decisive victory. Pakistan was split into two, and a new country, Bangladesh, was born.

About 93,000 Pakistani soldiers surrendered to the Indian Army—the biggest surrender after World War II. This was a proud moment for India and for Sam Bahadur.

A Leader with Character

Sam Bahadur was known for many qualities that made him different from others:

Honest and Fearless: He always spoke the truth, even to politicians.

Gave Credit to Others: After the 1971 victory, he let junior officers take the credit.

Cared for Soldiers: He always stood with his men, whether in war or peace.

Against Politics in the Army: He never allowed politicians to interfere in army matters.

Stories of Courage and Wit

World War II

As a young officer in World War II, Sam was badly injured in Myanmar. Doctors thought he would not survive, but he refused to leave the battlefield. For this bravery, he received the Military Cross.

Standing Up to Bureaucrats

Once, a government secretary questioned his decisions. Sam boldly replied, “If he knows better, give him my job.” The next day, the secretary was transferred!

The Spirit of Sam Bahadur

Sam Bahadur was more than a soldier. He was the spirit of courage. After India’s defeat against China in 1962, the nation felt weak and hopeless. But the 1971 victory under Sam’s leadership gave the Indians new confidence. It showed the world that India was strong and capable.

Sam taught Indians to stand tall, be fearless, and believe in themselves. His leadership made the Indian Army one of the most respected forces in the world.

Legacy of a Legend

Even today, Sam Bahadur is remembered with love and respect. His life is a lesson for all of us.

Be brave, even in the face of danger.

Speak the truth, even when it is difficult.

Care for your team more than yourself.

Serve the nation selflessly.

Sam Bahadur was not only India’s first Field Marshal but also a true hero who lived for his country. He showed that greatness does not come only from winning wars but also from inspiring people, caring for soldiers, and standing for what is right.

His life tells us that courage, honesty, and humility make a person truly great. For every Indian, young or old, Sam Bahadur will always remain a shining example of leadership and patriotism.